ABSTRACT This study examined the effects of lavender essential oil on performance, meat quality, microbial load, fatty acid profile and gut microbiota in quails. In the study, 200 quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) were divided into 4 groups and 5 subgroups. The groups consisted of a control group (0 mg/kg feed) and three lavender essential oil groups, namely Lav125 (125 mg/kg feed), Lav250 (250 mg/kg feed), and Lav500 (500 mg/kg feed). In terms of body weight change, Lav500 group had the best results after the control group (p>0.05). It was observed that, compared to the control group, pH levels were high (p<0.05) in Lav250 and Lav500 groups on the 9th day of storage. The effect of storage time on malondialdehyde (MDA) was used as a parameter of lipid peroxidation in meat, and the Lav250 and Lav500 groups presented lower concentrations as compared to the control group (p<0.05). In this study, the addition of lavender essential oil to the diet enriched the concentrations of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Moreover, the height of villi in the duodenum and jejunum, and consequently absorption, increased significantly in the Lav500 group as compared to the control group. The concentration of MDA, a blood serum antioxidant enzyme, decreased with the addition of lavender oil. Additionally, lavender essential oil added to quail diets was observed to increase the number of Lactobacillus spp. (probiotic bacteria) colonies (p<0.05).

ABSTRACT This study was conducted in order to determine the effects of different doses of resveratrol and curcumin added to the diet of broilers on the fatty acid profile of drumstick meat, and the microbial load and physicochemical criteria in drumstick and breast meat. In the study, a total of 200 male broiler chicks at the age of one days were equally distributed into five groups. The treatments consisted of a basal diet (Control) and the treatments, which added the following amounts of additives to the basal control diet: (R250) 250 mg kg-1 resveratrol, (R500) 500 mg kg-1 resveratrol, (C250) 250 mg kg-1 curcumin, and (C500) 500 mg kg-1 curcumin. It was found that resveratrol and curcumin significantly decreased the counts of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) (8th day), Lactobacillus spp. (6th day) and Lactococcus spp. (8th day) in drumstick meat. In breast meat, decreases were observed in the counts of Micrococcus/Staphylococcus (4th day) in the C500 group, and Enterobacteriaceae (8th day) in the R500 and C500 groups. The TBARS value in drumstick meat decreased significantly in the R250, R500 and C500 groups on the zeroth day. Myristic acid, myristoleic acid, γ-linolenic acid, unsaturated fatty acids (ΣUFA), and medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) percentages of total fatty acids in drumstick meat were found to increase in the R250 group according to other groups. In conclusion, it was observed that resveratrol and curcumin added to the diet at variable levels affected the meat in terms of microbial and fatty acid profiles, while the effect was limited effectiveness on physicochemical parameters.

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of Hesperidin added to quail ration at different rates on some microbiological and physicochemical, lipid peroxidation, and lipid profiles in thigh meat. The current study had a duration of 35 days and used Pharaoh quails (Coturnix Pharaoh). The grouping was done in three treatment groups: Control, HES500, and HES1000 (each group was divided into five subgroups), and 0, 500, and 1000 mg/kg of Hesperidin was added to the basal diet of the groups, respectively. Adding Hesperidin and storage time affected the pH parameter in meat. It affected colour parameters depending upon the added Hesperidin (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the number of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) in comparison with the control group according to the storage time (p<0.05). Palmitic, α-linolenic, oleic acid, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids, which are among the individual fatty acids, differed between the control, HES500 and HES1000 groups (p<0.05). Hesperidin addition reduced lipid peroxidation on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days of storage (p<0.05). Consequently, in direct proportion to the hypothesis at the beginning of the study, it was specified that adding Hesperidin reduced its concentration on lipid oxidation and had a positive effect on meat quality in terms of colour parameters.

ABSTRACT Objective: Corpus callosum (CC) has an important role in ensuring the transfer of information between homologous regions of hemispheres. Radiological anatomy of CC may contribute to diagnostic evaluation in children with neurological or syndromic diseases. Although previous studies exit on the dimensions of CC in different populations, only a few examined the reference sizes of CC in childhood. The aim of this study was to identify the normal dimensions of CC sub-regions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in healthy children of all age groups and gender. Methods: Among 14 852 cranial MRI performed from 2011–2013, 2753 images of children aged between 0–18 years were acquired. After exclusions, 493 images (boys/girls; 246/247) were included. The thickness of the genu, corpus, isthmus, splenium and antero-posterior diameter of CC was measured on MRI. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Gülhane Military Medical Academy. Results: We demonstrated CC dimensions data of children from newborn to adolescent. Conclusions: We think that it is important to determine the reference values of CC dimensions in healthy children in order to detect any deviation from normal. It is thought that these data can be applied in clinical practice.

RESUMEN Objetivo: El cuerpo calloso (CC) desempeña un papel importante en asegurar la transferencia de información entre las regiones homólogas de los hemisferios. La anatomía radiológica del CC puede contribuir a la evaluación diagnóstica en niños con enfermedades neurológicas o sindrómicas. Aunque los estudios previos provienen de las dimensiones de CC en diferentes poblaciones, sólo unos pocos examinaron los tamaños de referencia de CC en la niñez. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las dimensiones normales de las subregiones de CC usando imágenes de resonancia magnética (IRM) en niños sanos de todos los grupos de edad y género. Métodos: De entre 14 852 imágenes craneales de IRM realizadas de 2011 a 2013, se tomaron 2753 imágenes de niños entre 0-18 años de edad. Después de algunas exclusiones, se incluyeron 493 imágenes (niños/niñas; 246/247). El grosor de la rodilla, el cuerpo, el istmo, el esple-nio, y el diámetro anteroposterior del CC fueron medidos en el IRM. Este estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Investigación de la Academia Médica Militar de Gülhane. Resultados: Demostramos datos de las dimensiones del CC de niños, desde recién nacidos hasta adolescentes. Conclusiones: Creemos que es importante determinar los valores de referencia de las dimensiones del CC en niños sanos para detectar cualquier desviación de lo normal. Se piensa que estos datos pueden ser aplicados en la práctica clínica.

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to compare the applicability of non-feed removal (NFR) programs to induce molting in brown laying hens by feedusing alfalfa meal and barley grain on molting of instead of feed withdrawal in terms of performance, egg quality and profitability. A total of 240, 75-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens were randomly divided into three groups as conventional feed withdrawal (CONV), and two non-feed removal programs using alfalfa meal (A+F) or barley grain (B+F), each containing 80 hens with 20 replicates (4 hens x 20 replicates = 80 hens). After 10 days of the induced molting the lowest body weight loss (20.01%) was found in the B+F method (p< 0.01). In the second cycle, onset of egg production days were significantly different between groups (p< 0.001) and hens of NFR groups (A+F and B+F) reached 50% egg production earlier than CONV group (p< 0.05). Most of the performance (average egg production, daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and mortality) and egg quality parameters (egg weight, specific gravity, shell thickness and breakage) of NFR groups were similar to the CONV group (p> 0.05). Haugh unit of CONV group was better than NFR groups, whereas molting by NFR groups improved egg yolk color (p< 0.001). Despite higher feed cost of NFR programs, egg income and profit was better than CONV group (p< 0.001). In conclusion, molting with alfalfa meal and barley grain of brown layers may be used as non-feed removal programs, without negative effects on the performance and egg quality parameters. Besides, these non-feed removal programs have higher income and profitability.